How to Paint Scale Models Using a Brush and Acrylic Paints: A Complete Beginner’s Guide
Beginner-friendly techniques for smooth coats, crisp details, and durable finishes.
Introduction
Painting scale models with traditional paint brushes and acrylic paints is affordable, fast to learn, and capable of professional results. With a bit of prep, the right tools, and a few core techniques, you’ll turn bare plastic into a miniature that looks realistic and sharp.
Why Choose Acrylic Paints
Fast, Low-Odour, Easy Clean-Up
Acrylics dry quickly, clean up with water, and have minimal odour, making them perfect for small workspaces and beginners.
Layer-Friendly & Forgiving
They’re great for thin layering, glazing, and quick corrections without harsh solvents.
Essential Tools & Materials
| Item | Why You Need It | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Brushes (00–1 detail, #2 round, flat) | Coverage + fine details | Natural or good synthetics with sharp tips |
| Acrylic paints | Color layers | Model/miniature ranges work best |
| Primer (spray or brush-on) | Adhesion & durability | Grey or black for most subjects |
| Palette/mixing tray | Thin & mix paints | Use a wet palette for a longer open time |
| Two water cups | Rinse & thin separately | Keep “rinse” and “thin” water apart |
| Tack cloth / lint‑free rag | Dust control | Wipe between steps |
| Varnish (matte/satin/gloss) | Protection & finish | Gloss before decals; matte to finish |
Preparing Your Model
Clean & De-mould
- Remove parts from sprues carefully.
- Scrape mould lines with a hobby knife; sand smooth.
- Wash parts in mild soapy water, rinse, and let dry.
Prime for Grip
Apply a thin, even coat of primer. It improves adhesion, highlights flaws to fix, and ensures smoother brush coats.
Brush Painting Techniques
Thin Coats Win
- Thin paint to milk-like consistency (a drop of water or acrylic thinner).
- Apply 2–4 light coats instead of one heavy coat.
- Let each coat dry completely before the next.
Control Your Strokes
- Work in one direction on large panels.
- Load the brush lightly, then pull paint from wet to dry areas.
- Stop fiddling once it starts to set to avoid tracks.
Layering & Blending
Build colour with successive translucent layers. For soft blends, thin the paint a bit more and feather the edges with a damp brush.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Overloading the brush → causes pooling and ridges.
- Rushing dry times → lifts previous layers.
- Skipping primer → poor adhesion and patchy coverage.
Details, Washes & Highlights
Washes for Depth
Thin dark paint with water or acrylic medium (about 1:4) and let it flow into recesses to add shadows.
Dry Brushing for Edges
Wipe almost all paint off a flat brush, then lightly pass over raised edges to pick out detail and simulate wear.
Fine Details
Use a 00 brush, rest your hands for stability, and thin paint slightly for smooth flow. Two careful passes beat one heavy swipe.
Sealing & Protection
After decals and weathering, seal with varnish:
- Gloss – for decals and shiny parts.
- Satin – balanced, realistic sheen.
- Matte – subdued, military/realistic finish.
FAQs
Do I need to thin acrylic paints for brushing?
Yes, slightly thinned paint flows better, reduces brush marks, and gives you a smoother finish. Aim for a consistency similar to milk.
How long should I wait between coats?
Typically 15–30 minutes, or until the surface is completely dry to the touch. Thicker coats may need longer.
Can I mix different acrylic brands?
Yes, as long as they are water-based acrylics. Always test a small batch first to check for compatibility.
What brush size is best for tiny details?
Use a fine-tipped brush, such as size 00 or 000. Thin your paint slightly to help it flow smoothly onto small parts.
Should I varnish the model?
Yes, varnish protects your paintwork, improves durability, and gives you control over the final finish (matte, satin, or gloss).
Can I start with brushes and later use an airbrush?
Absolutely. Many modellers start with brushes and later add airbrushing to their toolkit. Both methods work well together.
Helpful Resource
For kit research and inspiration, browse Scalemates.
Conclusion
Brush painting with acrylics is approachable and powerful. Focus on prep, thin coats, and patient layering; you’ll see cleaner finishes, sharper details, and sturdier results with every build.
